Anime - Wikipedia. Anime(Japanese: アニメ, [aɲime] ( listen), plural: anime)[a] is a Japanese term for hand- drawn or computer animation.
Definition and usage. Anime is an art form, specifically animation, that includes all genres found in cinema, but it can be mistakenly classified as a genre. In.
The word is the abbreviated pronunciation of "animation" in Japanese, where this term references all animation.[1] Outside Japan, anime is used to refer specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese- disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.[2][3] Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.[4][5][6] For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.[3] Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism. The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1. Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily. The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1. Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience. Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.
It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences. Anime is a diverse art form with distinctive production methods and techniques that have been adapted over time in response to emergent technologies. It consists of an ideal story- telling mechanism, combining graphic art, characterization, cinematography, and other forms of imaginative and individualistic techniques. The production of anime focuses less on the animation of movement and more on the realism of settings as well as the use of camera effects, including panning, zooming, and angle shots. Being hand- drawn, anime is separated from reality by a crucial gap of fiction that provides an ideal path for escapism that audiences can immerse themselves into with relative ease. Diverse art styles are used and character proportions and features can be quite varied, including characteristically large emotive or realistically sized eyes. The anime industry consists of over 4.
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Studio Ghibli, Gainax, and Toei Animation. Despite comprising only a fraction of Japan's domestic film market, anime makes up a majority of Japanese DVD sales. It has also seen international success after the rise of English- dubbed programming. This rise in international popularity has resulted in non- Japanese productions using the anime art style, but these works are usually described as anime- influenced animation rather than anime proper.
Definition and usage. Anime is an art form, specifically animation, that includes all genres found in cinema, but it can be mistakenly classified as a genre. In Japanese, the term anime refers to all forms of animation from around the world.[1][1. In English, anime () is more restrictively used to denote a "Japanese- style animated film or television entertainment" or as "a style of animation created in Japan".[2][1. The etymology of the word anime is disputed. The English term "animation" is written in Japanese katakana as アニメーション (animēshon, pronounced [animeːɕoɴ])[3] and is アニメ (anime) in its shortened form.[3] Some sources claim that anime derives from the French term for animation dessin animé,[1. French popularity of the medium in the late 1.
In English, anime—when used as a common noun—normally functions as a mass noun. For example: "Do you watch anime?" or "How much anime have you collected?")[1.
Prior to the widespread use of anime, the term Japanimation was prevalent throughout the 1. In the mid- 1. 98. Japanimation.[1. 2] In general, the latter term now only appears in period works where it is used to distinguish and identify Japanese animation. The word anime has also been criticised, e. Hayao Miyazaki stated that he despised the truncated word anime because to him it represented the desolation of the Japanese animation industry.
He equated the desolation with animators lacking motivation and with mass- produced, overly expressionistic products relying upon a fixed iconography of facial expressions and protracted and exaggerated action scenes but lacking depth and sophistication in that they do not attempt to convey emotion or thought.[1. Hd Quality Resident Evil: Vendetta Watch. Format. The first format of anime was theatrical viewing which originally began with commercial productions in 1.
Originally the animated flips were crude and required played musical components before adding sound and vocal components to the production. On July 1. 4, 1. 95. Nippon Television aired Mogura no Abanchūru ("Mole's Adventure"), both the first televised and first color anime to debut.[1. It wasn't until the 1.
Works released in a direct to video format are called "original video animation" (OVA) or "original animation video" (OAV); and are typically not released theatrically or televised prior to home media release.[2. The emergence of the Internet has led some animators to distribute works online in a format called "original net anime" (ONA).[2. The home distribution of anime releases were popularized in the 1. VHS and Laser. Disc formats.
The VHS NTSC video format used in both Japan and the United States is credited as aiding the rising popularity of anime in the 1. The Laser Disc and VHS formats were transcended by the DVD format which offered the unique advantages; including multiple subtitling and dubbing tracks on the same disc.
The DVD format also has its drawbacks in the its usage of region coding; adopted by the industry to solve licensing, piracy and export problems and restricted region indicated on the DVD player. The Video CD (VCD) format was popular in Hong Kong and Taiwan, but became only a minor format in the United States that was closely associated with bootleg copies.
History. A cel from Namakura Gatana, the earliest surviving Japanese animated short made for cinemas, produced in 1. Japanese animation began in the early 2. Japanese filmmakers experimented with the animation techniques also pioneered in France, Germany, the United States and Russia. A claim for the earliest Japanese animation is Katsudō Shashin, an undated and private work by an unknown creator.
In 1. 91. 7, the first professional and publicly displayed works began to appear. Animators such as Ōten Shimokawa and Seitarou Kitayama produced numerous works, with the oldest surviving film being Kouchi's Namakura Gatana, a two- minute clip of a samurai trying to test a new sword on his target only to suffer defeat.[1. The 1. 92. 3 Great Kantō earthquake resulted in widespread destruction to Japan's infrastructure and the destruction of Shimokawa's warehouse, destroying most of these early works. By the 1. 93. 0s animation was well established in Japan as an alternative format to the live- action industry. It suffered competition from foreign producers and many animators, Noburō Ōfuji and Yasuji Murata, who still worked in cheaper cutout animation rather than cel animation.[2.
Other creators, Kenzō Masaoka and Mitsuyo Seo, nonetheless made great strides in animation technique; they benefited from the patronage of the government, which employed animators to produce educational shorts and propaganda.[3. The first talkie anime was Chikara to Onna no Yo no Naka, produced by Masaoka in 1. By 1. 94. 0, numerous anime artists' organizations had risen, including the Shin Mangaha Shudan and Shin Nippon Mangaka.[3.
The first feature- length animated film was Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors directed by Seo in 1. Imperial Japanese Navy.[3. The success of The Walt Disney Company's 1. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs profoundly influenced many Japanese animators.[3. In the 1. 96. 0s, manga artist and animator Osamu Tezuka adapted and simplified many Disney animation techniques to reduce costs and to limit the number of frames in productions. He intended this as a temporary measure to allow him to produce material on a tight schedule with inexperienced animation staff.[3.