Pixar - Wikipedia. This article is about the animation company owned by Disney.

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For information on the . Pixar Image Computer. Pixar (), also referred to as Pixar Animation Studios, is an American computer animationfilm studio based in Emeryville, California that is a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. Pixar began in 1. Graphics Group, part of the Lucasfilm computer division, before its spin- out as a corporation in 1. Apple Inc. co- founder Steve Jobs, who became the majority shareholder.[2] Disney purchased Pixar in 2. Jobs becoming Disney's largest single shareholder at the time.

Pixar is best known for CGI- animated feature films created with Render. Man, Pixar's own implementation of the industry- standard Render. Man image- renderingapplication programming interface, used to generate high- quality images.

Pixar has produced eighteen feature films, beginning with Toy Story (1. Cars 3 (2. 01. 7). All 1. 8 of its films have debuted with Cinema. Score ratings of at least an "A−," indicating positive receptions with audiences.[5] The studio has also produced several short films. As of July 2. 01. Finding Nemo (2. 00. Finding Dory (2. 01.

Toy Story 3 (2. 01. Thirteen of Pixar's films are also among the 5. The studio has earned sixteen Academy Awards, seven Golden Globe Awards, and eleven Grammy Awards, among many other awards and acknowledgments. Download Truckers Cartoons on this page. Many of Pixar's films have been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature since its inauguration in 2. Finding Nemo and Toy Story 3, along with The Incredibles (2.

Ratatouille (2. 00. WALL- E (2. 00. 8), Up (2. Brave (2. 01. 2), and Inside Out (2. Monsters, Inc. (2.

Cars (2. 00. 6) are the only two films that were nominated for the award without winning it, while Cars 2 (2. Monsters University (2. The Good Dinosaur (2.

Finding Dory have not been nominated. Up and Toy Story 3 were also the respective second and third animated films to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture, the first being Walt Disney Animation Studios' Beauty and the Beast (1. Luxo Jr., a character from the studio's 1. On September 6, 2. Pixar executives John Lasseter, Brad Bird, Pete Docter, Andrew Stanton, and Lee Unkrich were presented with the Golden Lion award for Lifetime Achievement by the biennial Venice Film Festival. The award was presented by Lucasfilm's founder George Lucas.

This includes franchises like Toy Story,Finding Nemo,Cars, and Monsters, Inc. Pixar's headquarters are located in 1. Park Ave, Emeryville, California, USA.[8]History[edit]Early history[edit]Pixar got its start in 1. New York Institute of Technology's (NYIT) founder Alexander Schure, who was also the owner of a traditional animation studio, established the Computer Graphics Lab (CGL), recruited computer scientists who shared his ambitions about creating the world's first computer- animated film.

Ed Catmull and Malcolm Blanchard were the first to be hired and were soon joined by Alvy Ray Smith and David Di. Francesco some months later, which were the four original members of the Computer Graphics Lab.[9] Schure kept pouring money into the computer graphics lab, an estimated $1.

NYIT into serious financial troubles.[1. But they eventually realized they needed to work in a real film studio in order to reach their goal, and when George Lucas approached them and offered them a job at his studio, six employees decided to move over to Lucasfilm. During the following months, they gradually resigned from CGL, found temporary jobs for about a year to avoid making Schure suspicious, before they joined The Graphics Group at Lucasfilm.[1. The Graphics Group, which was one- third of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm, was launched in 1. Edwin Catmull from NYIT,[1. Computer Graphics Lab. He was then reunited with Alvy Ray Smith, who also made the journey from NYIT to Lucasfilm, and was made director of The Graphics Group.

At NYIT, the researchers pioneered many of the CG foundation techniques—in particular the invention of the alpha channel (by Catmull and Smith).[1. Years later, the CGL produced a few frames of an experimental film called The Works. After moving to Lucasfilm, the team worked on creating the precursor to Render. Man, called REYES (for "renders everything you ever saw") and developed a number of critical technologies for CG—including "particle effects" and various animation tools.

In 1. 98. 2, the team began working on special effects film sequences with Industrial Light & Magic. After years of research, and key milestones such as the Genesis Effect in Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan and the Stained Glass Knight in Young Sherlock Holmes,[1. February 1. 98. 6 by Catmull and Smith.

Among the 3. 8 remaining employees, there were also Malcolm Blanchard, David Di. Francesco, Ralph Guggenheim and Bill Reeves, who had been part of the team since the days of NYIT. Tom Duff, also an NYIT member, would later join Pixar after its formation.[2] With Lucas' 1. Star Wars licenses following the release of Return of the Jedi, they knew he would most likely sell the whole Graphics Group. Worried that the employees would be lost to them if that happened, which would prevent the creation of the first computer animated movie, they concluded that the best way to keep the team together was to turn the group into an independent company. But Moore's Law also said that the first film was still some years away, and they needed to focus on a proper product while waiting for the computers to become powerful enough. Eventually, they decided they should be a hardware company in the meantime, with their Pixar Image Computer as the core product, a system primarily sold to government agencies and the scientific and medical community.[2][1.

In 1. 98. 3, Nolan Bushnell founded a new computer- guided animation studio called Kadabrascope as a subsidiary of his Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatres company, which was founded in 1. Only one major project was made out of the new studio, an animated Christmas movie for NBC starring Chuck E. Cheese and other PTT mascots. The animation movement would be made using Tweening instead of traditional cel animation.

After the North American Video Game Crash of 1. Bushnell started selling some subsidiaries of PTT to keep the business afloat. Sente Technologies (another division, was founded to have games distributed in PTT stores) would be sold to Bally Games and Kadabrascope would be sold to Lucas.

Film. The Kadabrascope assets would be combined with the Computer Division of Lucas. Film.[1. 6][1. 7] Coincidentally, Steve Jobs, a main Apple shareholder and former CEO, worked under Bushnell in 1.

Atari, which Bushnell sold to Warner Communications in 1. PTT.[1. 8] PTT would later go bankrupt in 1. Show. Biz Pizza Place. The newly independent Pixar (1.

Edwin Catmull as President and Alvy Ray Smith as Executive Vice President. While looking for investors, Steve Jobs was interested, but Lucas found his offer too low. Yet he accepted it in the end after it turned out to be impossible to find other investors. Jobs, who had recently been fired from Apple Computer,[2] paid $5 million to George Lucas for technology rights and put them and $5 million cash as capital into the company, and joined the board of directors as chairman.[2]Walt Disney Studios used a Pixar Image Computer and custom software written by Pixar as part of their Computer Animation Production System (CAPS) project, to migrate the laborious ink and paint part of the 2. D animation process to a more automated method.

In a bid to drive sales of the system, Pixar employee John Lasseter—who had long been working on not- for- profit short demonstration animations, such as Luxo Jr. SIGGRAPH, the computer graphics industry's largest convention, to great fanfare.[1. The Image Computer never sold well.[1. Inadequate sales threatened to put the company out of business as financial losses grew.